Figure 3
The conceptual model shows a vertically arranged timeline with two columns labeled “Commonwealth” and “States slash Territories”, enclosed within a single dashed boundary. On the left side is a vertical arrow with time periods listed: “2015 to 2016 Early recognition”, “2017 to 2019 growing recognition and initial policies response,” “2020 to 2021 Scaling via funding and coordination”, “2022 to 2023 Regulatory reforms and strategic planning”, and “2024 to 2025 National coordination and comprehensive measures”. In the “Commonwealth” column: For “2015 to 2016 Early recognition”, the entries are “A S 3850 to 2015: Prefabricated Concrete Elements (Standards Australia)”, “N C C 2016 to WaterMark acceptance of bathroom pods (A B C B Notice of Direction)”, and “C R C-P prefab grants (2016)”. For “2017 to 2019 growing recognition and initial policies response”, the entries are “A R C C A M P H – Training Centre for Advanced Manufacturing of Prefabricated Housing (2017)” and “Prefab Innovation Hub (2019)”. For “2020 to 2021 Scaling via funding and coordination”, the entries are “Modern Manufacturing Strategy (2020)” and “Building 4.0 C R C (launched 2020)”. For “2022 to 2023 Regulatory reforms and strategic planning”, the entries are “National Housing Accord – M M C commitment (2022)”, “Housing Support Program (2022)”, “Social Housing Accelerator (announced 2022)”, and “Housing Australia Future Fund (2023)”. For “2024 to 2025 National coordination and comprehensive measures”, the entries are “Building Ministers’ Meeting communiqué endorsing M M C (Mar 2024)”, “A B C B Prefabricated slash Modular slash Offsite Construction Handbook (Oct 2024)”, “National Voluntary Certification Scheme for M M C (announced 2024)”, “National Productivity Fund (2024)”, “Federal Budget 2025 – Prefabricated Housing Investment”, and “C R C Building 4.0 – Regulatory Reform for Industrialised Construction (2025)”. In the “States slash Territories” column: For “2015 to 2016 Early recognition”, the entries are “V I C – Permanent Modular School Buildings Program (pilot procurement, 2015)” and “V I C – Construction Technologies Sector Strategy (2016)”. For “2017 to 2019 growing recognition and initial policies response”, the entries are “V I C – Permanent Modular Schools rollout (2015 to 2017)”, “N S W – Modern Modular Classrooms plan (2017)”, “M C C B slash Monash – Handbook for the Design of Modular Structures (2017)”, “V I C – Prefabricated Construction Directory (2019)”, and “W A – Wood Encouragement Policy (2019)”. For “2020 to 2021 Scaling via funding and coordination”, the entries are “V I C – Big Housing Build with modular component (2020)”, “Q L D – QuickStarts Q l d and M M C streams begin (2020–2021)”, “N S W – Planning Circular P S 21–016 for relocatable slash flat-pack homes (2021)”, and “T A S – ModHomes program (2021)”. For “2022 to 2023 Regulatory reforms and strategic planning”, the entries are “Q L D – QBuild Modern Methods of Construction program (2022)”, “V I C – Offsite Construction Guide (2022)”, “N S W slash V I C – Legislative reviews and consultations (2021 to 2022)”, “N S W – Building Legislation Amendment Act (2023)”, and “V I C – Victoria’s Housing Statement and housing targets (2023)”. For “2024 to 2025 National coordination and comprehensive measures”, the entries are “N S W – Position Paper and Draft Building Bill (2024)”, “N S W – S C M 5862 M M C Procurement List (2024)”, “Q L D – M M C training centre and standardised floor plans (2024)”, “W A – Granny Flat slash Ancillary Dwelling rule change (2024); tiny homes deployments (2024)”, “V I C – Discussion Paper – modern methods of construction through effective building regulation (2025)”, and “S A – Prefab Housing Project and roundtable discussion (2025)”.The milestone of policy measures published between 2015 and June 2025