Figure 2
The vertical timeline from 2013 to 2023 is divided into three phases labelled 1 exploration, 2 engagement, and 3 expansion. In 2013, a contract for machine lines is signed. In 2014, machines and service design and O B C signing at year end are noted. In 2015, logistics routines and reporting are adapted. In 2016, external partners contribution and appointment of an advanced service project manager appear. In 2017, external contributions for cloud architecture are listed. In 2018, technological developments lead to collaboration changes and release 2.0 with refinements. In 2019, a digital solution manager is appointed and contract renewal with replication in other plants occurs. In 2020, further replication with the customer is indicated. In 2021, all new machines are I O T ready with user experience redesign and replication in a different industry. In 2022, further replication with the customer and technological refinements and extensions are included. In 2023, continued refinements are indicated.Critical events in the servitization journey
Source(s): Authors’ own work