Figure 1
The multi-panel stacked area chart consists of two panels arranged horizontally, labeled “(a) The COVID-19 crisis period” on the left and “(b) The cost-of-living crisis period” on the right. In both panels, the vertical axis ranges from 0 to 60 in increments of 10 units. Each panel includes a legend in the upper left listing three categories: “Total”, “1 to 5”, and “5 to inf”. The stacked areas are layered with “5 to inf” at the bottom, “1 to 5” in the middle, and “Total” forming the top boundary. In panel (a), the horizontal axis is labeled with time values from left to right as “2020-01”, “2020-07”, “2021-01”, “2021-07”, and “2022-01”. The “5 to inf” layer begins near 6 at “2020-01”, increases slightly to about 8, then gradually declines to around 3 by “2021-07” before rising again to approximately 6 to 7 by “2022-01”. The “1 to 5” layer starts near 33 at “2020-01”, spikes sharply to around 45 shortly after, then steadily declines through “2021-07” to about 12 to 15 before rising again to around 20 by “2022-01”. The “Total” boundary begins near 40 at “2020-01”, peaks above 50 early in 2020, then declines steadily to around 18 by “2021-07”, followed by an increase to approximately 24 by “2022-01”. In panel (b), the horizontal axis is labeled with time values from left to right as “2022-07”, “2023-01”, “2023-07”, “2024-01”, and “2024-07”. The “5 to inf” layer starts near 3 at “2022-07”, increases slightly to around 4 to 5 by “2023-01”, fluctuates around 3 to 4 through “2024-01”, then rises to about 6 near “2024-07” before settling close to 4. The “1 to 5” layer begins near 15 to 16 at “2022-07”, rises to around 20 at “2023-01”, then gradually declines to about 6 to 8 by “2024-01”, followed by a sharp spike to around 15 near “2024-07” and then declines again to around 8 to 10. The “Total” boundary starts near 18 at “2022-07”, increases to about 22 at “2023-01”, then declines steadily to around 8 by “2024-01”, followed by a noticeable spike to approximately 23 near “2024-07” and then decreases to around 12 to 14. Note: All numerical data values are approximated.Dynamic total connectedness