Figure 2
The multi-panel line graph titled “Impulse: D E S I”, “Impulse: Basic Digital Skills”, “Impulse: G D P per capita”, and “Impulse: Economic Freedom Index” contains four panels. In each panel, the horizontal axis is labeled “Years” and ranges from 0 to 8 with increments of 1. In the panel “Impulse: D E S I”, the vertical axis is labeled “Value Added Per Number of S M Es” and ranges from negative 0.002 to 0.003 with increments of 0.001. In the panel “Impulse: Basic Digital Skills”, the vertical axis is labeled “Value Added Per Number of S M Es” and ranges from negative 0.004 to 0.004 with increments of 0.002. In the panel “Impulse: G D P per capita”, the vertical axis is labeled “Value Added Per Number of S M Es” and ranges from negative 0.002 to 0.002 with increments of 0.001. In the panel “Impulse: Economic Freedom Index”, the vertical axis is labeled “Value Added Per Number of S M Es” and ranges from negative 0.002 to 0.003 with increments of 0.001. Each panel contains three lines representing a central response and two boundary lines. In the panel “Impulse: D E S I”, the central line rises from 0 at year 0 to a peak near approximately 0.0018 around year 1, then declines, crossing below 0 around year 5 and remaining slightly negative through year 8, while the upper and lower boundary lines show a wider spread. In the panel “Impulse: Basic Digital Skills”, the central line rises above 0 at year 0, rises to a peak near 0.002 at year 1, then declines below 0 by around year 3, and gradually increases toward 0 by year 8, while boundary lines extend above and below. In the panel “Impulse: G D P per capita”, the central line starts at 0 and declines slightly into negative values over time, reaching approximately negative 0.001 by year 8, while the upper boundary increases gradually and the lower boundary declines further. In the panel “Impulse: Economic Freedom Index”, the central line increases to a peak near approximately 0.0018 around year 3, then declines steadily toward 0 by year 8, while the upper boundary rises initially and the lower boundary declines below 0 before recovering slightly. Note: All numerical values are approximated.Responses of value added per number of SMEs to impulses in DESI index, basic digital skills, GDP per capita and economic freedom index. Note: 95% confidence intervals are displayed. Source: Own calculations in STATA 14 software