Figure 1
A flowchart shows I S M modeling steps to identify and analyze barriers to C O T T E.The diagram includes rectangular and diamond boxes. On the left side, the process begins with “Identification of list of barriers of C O T T E”. This connects downward to “Establish contextual relationship (X i j) between barriers (i, j)”. The flow continues to “Develop a Structural Self- Interaction Matrix (S S I M)”, followed by “Develop an initial reachability matrix”. Next is “Develop a final reachability matrix by using the transitivity”, then “Partition the final reachability matrix into different levels”. The sequence continues to “Develop a diagram”, followed by “Remove transitivity from the diagram”, and then “Replace variable nodes with relationship statement”. On the right side, the process begins with “Literature Review (S L R and Content Analysis)” and “Expert Opinion”, both feeding into “Identification of list of barriers of C O T T E” and “Establish contextual relationship (X i j) between barriers (i, j)”, respectively. Below this, a decision diamond box labeled “Is there any conceptual inconsistency?” appears. An arrow labeled “Yes” and “Necessary modification” leads upward to “Expert Opinion”. An arrow labeled “No” leads downward to “Represent relationship of barriers to C O T T E into I S M based model”. From this point, the flow continues downward through “Develop Binary Direct Relationship Matrix (B D R M) using initial reachability matrix”, followed by “Achieve Fuzzy Direct Relationship Matrix (F D R M) and convert into Final F D R M”. Next is “Calculate the driving and dependency levels of the barriers”, and finally “Categorization of barriers into four categories to determine the impediments to C O T T E”. An arrow from “Replace variable nodes with relationship statement” leads to the decision diamond box.

Flow diagram of the research method used in this study

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