Figure 4.
The plot shows three return series labelled I S L A 1 V, I S L A 5 V, and I S L A 5 A V from 2011 to 2024. All series fluctuate closely around zero with small positive and negative values. Occasional spikes appear, including positive peaks near 0.03 and negative dips near negative 0.03. Variability increases slightly after 2019 but remains centred near zero throughout.Malaysian sukuk indices: ISLA1V, ISLA5V and ISLA5AV (03/01/2011–30/09/2024)