Figure 3
The model shows an oval labeled “Email Incivility” on the left side. At the lower center, an oval labeled “Work Rumination, R-squared equals 0.45” appears. On the right side, two ovals appear vertically. The upper oval is labeled “Job Anxiety, R-squared equals 0.74”. The lower oval is labeled “Job Depression, R-squared equals 0.79”. A diagonal arrow points downward from “Email Incivility” to “Work Rumination”. A label on the left of this arrow reads “0.56 (0.03), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.50, U L equals 0.61 square bracket closed”. A horizontal arrow extends from “Email Incivility” to “Job Anxiety”. Above this arrow, the label reads “Direct Effect: 0.71 (0.02), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.68, U L equals 0.75 square bracket closed”. Above the same path, another label on the right reads “With Mediator: 0.54 (0.02), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.50, U L equals 0.59 square bracket closed”. A diagonal arrow extends from “Email Incivility” downward toward “Job Depression”. Above this arrow, the label reads “Direct Effect: 0.86 (0.02), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.82, U L equals 0.89 square bracket closed”. Another label on the right above the same path reads “With Mediator: 0.72 (0.02), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.68, U L equals 0.77 square bracket closed”. Two arrows extend from “Work Rumination”. One arrow points upward to “Job Anxiety”. The label on the right of this arrow reads “0.31 (0.03), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.26, U L equals 0.36 square bracket closed”. Another arrow points horizontally to “Job Depression”. The label below this arrow reads “0.24 (0.03), p less than 0.0001 square bracket open L L equals 0.18, U L equals 0.29 square bracket closed”.Study results (direct and mediation effects) – employees sample. Source: Authors' own work