Figure 1.
The workflow chart presents a three-stage research process beginning with a Public app store at the top. Section A, labelled Data collection and cleaning, includes User reviews with N equals 13,690, followed by Text cleaning and pre-processing. Section B, labelled Topic modelling and sampling, continues with B E R T-based topic modelling, leading to Topics with N equals 56, and then Random sampling of reviews, 20 per topic. Section C, labelled Thematic analysis, concludes with Thematic analysis on original reviews with N equals 1,120. Arrows connect each stage sequentially, illustrating the progression from raw user reviews through processing, modelling, sampling, and final thematic analysis.Research sequence diagram