Figure 5
The illustration displays two comparative C A D models of a truck cab. On the left (a), a highly detailed and color-coded 3-D C A D model illustrates the structural composition of a heavy-duty truck cab, including primary tubular and box-section frames, cross-members, mounting brackets, roof structure, A-pillars, floor panels, and window apertures. Individual components are rendered in a wide range of colors to distinguish structural members, sheet panels, and interface zones. The partially open sides and front reveal the internal assembly, including dashboard mounting points, seat support rails, and reinforcement zones beneath the windshield. On the right (b), a simplified grey block model is shown in isometric view, rendering the cab’s outer envelope as stacked cuboids and extruded surfaces. Visible on the top and front faces are several notched and cutout features that likely correspond to floor stamping, mounting provisions, or boundary definitions for subsequent detailing. The lower portion is an open volume, reflecting the void for chassis integration and floor access.(a) Placement of the topologically optimised crash box, represented by the colour red and (b) representation in detail of the developed crash box. Source(s): Authors’ own creation