Figure 7
The line graph plots “Engineering Stress [Megapascals]” on the y-axis, ranging from 0 to 700 with an interval of 100, versus “Engineering Strain [Unitless]” on the x-axis, ranging from 0 to 0.5 with an interval of 0.1. Four curves represent the behavior of S 355 steel at different strain rates: 0.001 1 over s, 5 1 over s, 25 1 over s, and 300 1 over s, shown as a solid line, a dashed line, a dotted line, and a dashed-dotted line, respectively. The legend in the lower right matches each curve to its strain rate. All curves start near the origin and initially rise sharply; each then peaks between 450 and 670 megapascals at different strain values before descending or plateauing. On the upper side, the dashed-dotted line starts from (0, 0), passes through (0.005, 670), (0.01, 570), and (0.2, 673), and ends at (0.493, 342). On the lower side, the solid line starts from (0, 0), passes through (0.008, 430) and (0.08, 572), and ends at (0.27, 330). The other two line curves follow the same trend between these two lines. Note: All the numerical data values are approximated.Engineering strain vs engineering stress [MPa] for S355 alloy steel at different strain rates. Source(s): Authors’ own creation, adapted from Forni et al.‘s (2016) study