Figure 7
The diagram is centered around a large dark oval labeled “Industry 4.0”, with the text “Technology Services Sector” below it. Surrounding this central oval, a circular flow formed by thick curved arrows connects four outer ovals. At the top center, an oval is labeled “Technology Innovation”. On the left, an oval is labeled “People Management”. At the bottom, an oval is labeled “I T Service Management”. On the right, an oval is labeled “Barriers and Challenges”. A curved arrow flows from “People Management” upward and rightward to “Technology Innovation”, then another curved arrow flows from “Technology Innovation” downward and rightward to “Barriers and Challenges”, followed by a curved arrow flowing from “Barriers and Challenges” downward and leftward to “I T Service Management”, and another curved arrow flowing from “I T Service Management” upward and leftward back to “People Management”, forming a closed loop around “Industry 4.0”. Between “People Management” and “Technology Innovation”, a bulleted list appears at the top left, containing the items “Decision Making”, “Training and Development”, “Organizational Structure”, “Feedback and Evaluation”, “Remote and Virtual Collaboration”, “Sustainability”, and “Ethics in Technology Use”. Near the top right side of the loop, adjacent to “Technology Innovation”, another bulleted list appears with the items “Digital Services”, “Servitization”, “Smart Manufacturing”, “Product-Service Systems (P S S)”, “Big Data”, “I T Infrastructure”, “Cloud Computing”, and “Artificial Intelligence (A I)”. On the bottom right side, near “Barriers and Challenges”, a bulleted list contains “Quality and Efficiency”, “Cost Control”, “Process Automation”, “Change Resistance”, “Communication”, “New Technologies (T D)”, “Customized Services”, and “Interoperability”. Near the bottom left side, close to “I T Service Management”, another bulleted list contains “Suppliers”, “Maintenance Services”, “Interdependence”, “Consulting Services”, “Cybersecurity”, and “Agile Methods Implementation”.Framework of Industry 4.0 strategic implications for technology services. Source: The authors