Figure 1
The vertical block diagram consists of five large rectangular blocks arranged vertically in a process flow, connected by thick, downward-pointing arrows. Each large block features a grey header row at the top and a split row of sub-boxes below it. The stages from top to bottom are as follows: the first block is titled “Curriculum Restructuring Drivers”, and it is divided below into four sub-boxes arranged from left to right and labeled as follows: “Technological Advancements”, “Industry and Market Shifts”, “Global and Regional Supply Chain Trends”, and “Evolving Pedagogical Practices”; the second block is titled “Identified Stakeholder Groups”, and it is divided below into three sub-boxes arranged from left to right and labeled as follows: “Industry Practitioners”, “Government Agencies”, and “Alumni”; the third block is titled “Stakeholder Contributions”, and it is divided below into three sub-boxes arranged from left to right and labeled as follows: “Module Content Needs”, “Preferred Program Structure and Duration”, and “Graduate Skills, Tools, and Competency Profiles”; the fourth block is titled “Curriculum Restructuring Dimensions (Aligned with Research Questions)”, and it is divided below into three sub-boxes arranged from left to right and labeled as follows: “Content: What modules to offer? (R Q 1)”, “Structure: How should the duration be structured? (R Q 2)”, and “Outcomes: What attributes and skills? (R Q 3)”; the fifth and final block is titled “Desired Outcomes”, and it is divided below into three sub-boxes arranged from left to right and labeled as follows: “Industry-Relevant and Flexible Curriculum”, “Competent and Work-Ready Graduates”, and “Sustainable and Adaptable Program Design”.Research framework