Figure 4
The flow diagram is arranged in four horizontal rows labeled on the left as “Perspective 1: Scientific Leadership”, “Perspective 2: Process Design and Prevention”, “Perspective 3: Digital Risk Communication”, and “Perspective 4: Risk Rating for Targeted Protection”. Across the top are three column headers: “Step I: Social Daily Life System”, “Step II: Testing and Monitoring System”, and “STEP III: Medical and Treatment System”. In the second row, under Step I, a box labeled “1. open bracket Peacetime close bracket Consensus Building in Peacetime” contains a subline beginning with a dash reading “Ethical, socio-economic, political, leadership, data and privacy, etc”, and above it is a dashed blue oval labeled “A: Mobility”. A downward arrow from this box leads to the second-row box under Step I labeled “2. open bracket Peacetime close bracket Social Daily System, Testing, Medical Setup” with a subline beginning with a dash reading “Risk communication system, leaders, etc”, and above this second box is a dashed blue oval labeled “B: Communication”. A right-pointing arrow leads from each of the first two boxes to the column under Step II. In the Step II column, the third-row box contains “3. Situation Awareness in Emergency” with a subline “Global and domestic data collection”, and above the box is a dashed oval labeled “Z: Type of incoming virus”. A downward arrow connects this box to the Step II box labeled “4. Emergency Measure and Root Cause Analysis” with a subline reading “Data science, epidemiology, behavior”, and above this box is a dashed oval labeled “D: Monitoring Behavioral compliance”. A dashed vertical red bracket labeled “open bracket Emergency close bracket” spans the height of boxes 3, 4, and 5 along the right side of the column. Another downward arrow leads to the next box labeled “5. Measure Planning and Inter-National Collaboration”, above which is a dashed oval labeled “C: Vulnerable populations”. A downward arrow connects this box to the next box labeled “6. Implementation with Barrier Elimination” containing the subline “Address resistance, ensure compliance”. To the right of all columns, a long vertical box labeled “7. Effectiveness Review and Feedback Loop” appears, containing the subline “Regional Inter-National analysis, best practice extraction”, and right-pointing arrows from each major process box feed into this feedback-loop box. A dashed oval labeled “D: Behavioral compliance” appears above the second-row box under Perspective 2. An additional dashed arrow from the Step I box labeled “1. open bracket Peacetime close bracket Consensus Building in Peacetime” links downward into the second-row Step I box labeled “2. open bracket Peacetime close bracket Social Daily System, Testing, Medical Setup”, and solid right-pointing arrows carry all processes horizontally from Step I to Step II and from Step II to Step III.Problem-solving framework for emerging infectious diseases based on TQM principles. Source: By author