Figure 1.
The framework is divided into Macro Level, Meso Level, and Micro Level sections. At the Macro Level, Nationalism and Rise of far-right governments lead to a far-right government lobby. A central box states Seeing environmental sustainability as a left-wing idea that weakens the economy. This leads to Regulatory Rollback in the European Union. Arrows from this box point to Deregulation and Market Uncertainty, which are grouped and connected to Institutional Erosion. A Private sector lobby box is linked to the regulatory rollback area. A box titled Useful Lenses states that International Relations and Political Economy provide analytical frameworks for explaining the underlying causes of institutional change. A box titled Useful Concepts lists Hegemony, structural power, multilevel governance encompassing both national and supranational institutions, and neoliberalism. At the Meso Level, an M N E Home Location is connected to Subsidiary Host Location 1 and Subsidiary Host Location 3. Liability of foreignness is labelled between the M N E Home Location and Subsidiary Host Location 1. Each subsidiary is connected to Supplier 1, Supplier 2, and Supplier 3. A box titled Useful Lenses lists G V C reconfigurations, including nearshoring and friendshoring amid geopolitical tensions, Comparative Capitalisms, and Stakeholder Theory. At the Micro Level, a box reads Zooming in on the M N E. Subsidiary Host Location 2 is connected to Supplier 1, Supplier 2, and Supplier 3. A box titled Useful Lenses lists Real Option Theory, which guides investment decisions under political and climate uncertainty, and the Resource-based View, which explains how organisations adapt to political, economic, and natural resource constraints using internal capabilities. Lines and arrows connect the three levels to illustrate relationships between political conditions, organisational structures, and supplier networks.Multi-level rollback of climate governance
Source: Own author creation