Figure 4.
The four-panel statistical figure labelled A to D presents nearest neighbour analysis results comparing clustered, random, and dispersed spatial distribution patterns. Each panel contains a bell-shaped significance distribution with coloured significance zones, nearest neighbour ratio values, z-scores, and p-values. Panel A shows a clustered distribution with nearest neighbour ratio 0.571715, z-score minus 6.706574, and p-value 0.000000, indicating strong clustering with less than 1 percent likelihood of randomness. Panel B presents a random distribution with nearest neighbour ratio 0.815578 and p-value 0.203344. Panel C indicates clustered behaviour with nearest neighbour ratio 0.768953, z-score minus 2.539150, and p-value 0.011112, suggesting less than 5 percent likelihood of randomness. Panel D displays a random pattern with nearest neighbour ratio 1.021077 and p-value 0.828099. Each panel includes schematic examples of clustered, random, and dispersed point arrangements.Nearest neighbour index of the four major types of water infrastructure heritage: (a) water conservancy engineering and its ancillary projects; (b) water culture settlements and architectural sites; (c) water culture landscape category; (d) red revolution heritage category