Figure 1.
The central box reads Urban Innovation Capability. A left box, labelled Direct Effects, lists F T s points to Urban Innovation increase, C T s points to Urban Innovation increase, and G P T s points to Urban Innovation increase. A horizontal arrow from this box points to the centre and is labelled Direct Effect Path. A right box, labelled Interaction Mechanisms, lists F T s times C T s points to Complementary Effect, F T s times G P T s points to Conditional depends on C T s, C T s times G P T s points to Conditional depends on F T s, and F T s times C T s times G P T s points to Synergistic Effect. A horizontal arrow from this box points to the centre and is labelled Interaction Effect Path. A top box, labelled Heterogeneity Effects, states that F T s and C T s are stronger in coastal cities, while G P T s are weaker inland. It states that C T s and G P T s are stronger in policy-rich cities, while F T s are weaker. It states that F T s and G P T s are weaker in high-accessibility cities, while C T s are unchanged. It states that F T s are stronger in small slash medium cities, while C T s and G P T s are insignificant. A vertical arrow points from the top box to the centre and is labelled Heterogeneity Influence.Research framework