Figure 3
The ring is divided into six labeled inner nodes around a central point that read “Environmental values (12)”, “Operational efficiency values (12)”, “Commercial values (8)”, “Social values (5)”, “Moral values (4)”, and “Financial values (13)”. Each inner node is marked by a small circle connected to the central point and linked by thin curved lines to multiple rectangular outer segments arranged around the circumference. Environmental values (12) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Minimise carbon footprint (asterisk)”, “Balanced environmental impacts”, “Save landfilling spaces (asterisk)”, and “Minimising new construction (asterisk)”. Operational efficiency values (12) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Better use of materials”, “Energy savings (asterisk)”, and “Reduce resource requirements for ongoing maintenance (example: material, labour) (asterisk)”. Commercial values (8) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Prestige (asterisk)”, “Sustainability reporting (asterisk)”, “New future business opportunities (asterisk)”, and “Competitive advantage (asterisk)”. Social values (5) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Increase human health and comfort (asterisk)”, “Better serving the community through benefits obtained from implementing C E (asterisk)”, and “Create employment opportunities (asterisk)”. Moral values (4) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Preserve cultural heritage”, “Responsibility to serve best to the client (asterisk)”, and “Attachment to the project and moral obligation to do right thing (asterisk)”. Financial values (13) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Potential cost benefits by sharing or selling materials (asterisk)”, “Save landfilling costs (asterisk)”, “Potential cost savings by not over ordering materials (asterisk)”, “Constructability of project”, “Security of supply (availability, consistency, transportation costs) (asterisk)”, and “Cost savings or income by repurposing materials to other industries (asterisk)”.Values for CE implementation in the C&D WM sector. Source: Authors’ own work