Figure 4
The ring is divided into eight labeled inner nodes around a central point that read “Regulations (15)”, “Project information (12) (asterisk)”, “Applicable C E Concepts (15)”, “Stakeholder participation (9) (asterisk)”, “Tools and technologies (8)”, “Design methods (6)”, “Material information (18)”, and “Waste information (12) (asterisk)”. Each inner node is marked by a small circle connected to the central point and linked by thin curved lines to multiple rectangular outer segments arranged around the circumference. Regulations (15) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Minimum circularity requirements (asterisk)”, “Building codes or National Construction Code (asterisk)”, “Regulations for green certifications”, “Legislation on building renovation and disassemble etcetera”, “Rules governing design impacts on C E (asterisk)”, “Legislations for decommissioning a building (asterisk)”, “Modern slavery requirements (asterisk)”, “Regulations for carbon management information”, and “Waste regulations”. Project information (12) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Budget (asterisk)”, “End use of building”, “Site information (asterisk)”, “Client requirements regarding building”, “Intended performance of the building”, “Project scale (asterisk)”, and “Project brief supporting C E (asterisk)”. Applicable C E Concepts (15) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “C E principles”, “Costs of different C E options (asterisk)”, “C E benefits and limitations”, “Common definition for C E”, and “Hierarchy of implementation of R principles (asterisk)”. Stakeholder participation (9) (asterisk) is connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Potential contractors’ resource availability and ellipsis”, “C E procurement information (C E)”, “Potential for reverse logistics (Material) (asterisk)”, “Suppliers’ availability and capabilities”, and “End user information”. Tools and technologies (8) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “How technologies support C E (example B I M, V R)” and “Impact analysis tools”. Design methods (6) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Principles of modular design”, “Implications for reuse from particular design (asterisk)”, “Assembly and disassembly methods”, “Feasibility of component replacement”, and “Implications of design decisions on methods on each other (asterisk)”. Material information (18) are connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Maintenance requirements”, “Circular pace of material (asterisk)”, “Availability”, “Quality information”, “Life cycle cost of materials”, “Installation techniques”, “Compliance with regulations (asterisk)”, “Alternative materials”, “Source of material”, and “By-products of materials”. Waste information (8) is connected to the outer segments, arranged clockwise: “Waste management methods”, “Waste classification or classes”, “Potential waste generation quantities”, “Definition of waste (asterisk)”, “Costs of waste management options (asterisk)”, and “Costs of landfilling (asterisk)”.CE information requirements for designers to manage C&D waste. Source: Authors’ own work