Figure 1
The flowchart begins with a narrative literature review to identify research gaps. This leads to assessing road infrastructure management practices in ERA and AACRA. The next step is to formulate the research problem and define research objectives. A closed-ended structured questionnaire is developed and distributed. Respondents from ERA and ACCRA are selected using purposive and convenient sampling. Empirical survey data is collected and analyzed. A narrative review on existing frameworks, theories, and models is conducted and synthesized. Six critical and strategic AI-BIM adoption pillars are identified. Finally, an AI-BIM adoption strategic framework is developed for the Ethiopian context.Research flowchart. Source: Authors’ own work