Figure 1
The flowchart shows a six-step research methodology process presented as a vertical sequence of rectangular headers with corresponding text boxes below them. Step 1 is titled “Step 1: Defining the research question”. The text below outlines several questions: “What are the key drivers that enable circular economy innovation, and how are they classified?”; “Which Quadruple Helix (Q H) stakeholders support or enable these drivers, and how do they interact with them??” and “What strategic recommendations can be derived from the relationships between drivers and stakeholders to foster effective collaboration for C E innovation?”. Step 2 is titled “Step 2: Determining the required characteristics of primary studies”. The text specifies the “Domain: Management Sciences greater than Operations Management or Supply Chain Management or Circular Economy or Innovation greater than Drivers of Collaboration in Implementing Innovation towards C E”. “Inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed articles, review papers, in English language”. “Exclusion criteria: studies not explicitly focusing on innovation in C E; proceeding papers, book chapters,” and the “Industry or Sector: Quadruple Helix”. Step 3 is titled “Step 3: Retrieving potentially relevant literature”. It details a “Search string: (TITLE-A B S-KEY (public private collaborat asterisk OR Collaborat asterisk OR Actors) AND (double quotation marks circular economy double quotation marks OR regenerati asterisk OR Circular ) AND TITLE-A B S-KEY (innovation) AND (open OR systemic OR collaborat asterisk OR cocreat asterisk)”. “Article source: Journal articles or earlycite articles – peer reviewed from Scopus (Elsevier) and Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics)”. “Source Quality: Peer reviewed scopus indexed original articles”. Step 4 is titled “Step 4: Selecting the pertinent literature”. It provides a numerical breakdown of the “Purification of articles:”. The “Total number of articles returned from search equals 382 plus 318 equals 700”. “Duplicate articles equals 278”. “Excluded on non-relevance after reading title, abstract and keywords of 198 articles”. “Not explicitly based on Innovation toward C E equals 119”. “Out of review scope equals 5”. The “Articles included in this review equals 100”. Step 5 is titled “Step 5: Synthesizing the literature”. The text describes “Evaluation and full reading of articles”, “Thematic analysis of articles”, “Identification of drivers or categorization of drivers”, and “Understanding the role of different stakeholders in fostering innovation towards C Es”. Step 6 is titled “Step 6: Reporting the results”. The final step involves “Discussion and interpretation” and “Conceptual framework to understand the relevance of drivers with specific stakeholders”.A step-by-step methodology was followed in this review. Source: Developed by authors