Fig. 5.
The chart presents measured pressure over time during surge events with inset visuals. Pressure starts near 0 kilopascal around 30 second, then increases sharply to about 90 kilopascal near 39 second during first surge. It decreases to about 10 kilopascal near 41 second, then increases again to about 140 kilopascal near 44 second during second surge and drops to near 0 kilopascal by about 46 second. Insets show debris accumulation at barriers during first surge, second surge, and third surge conditions.Time history of measured impact pressure at the different stages of debris flow shown in inset images