The panels present basal normal stress over time at three locations. Panel a shows C 1 Z with values rising from near 0 kilopascal at 30 second to peaks around 4.5 kilopascal near 45 second, then decreasing gradually towards 0. Panel b shows C 3 Z with values increasing from near 0 kilopascal at 30 second to about 2.5 kilopascal near 75 second, then decreasing to about 1 kilopascal. Panel c shows C 7 Z with values remaining near 0 until about 60 second, then increasing to about 2 kilopascal near 75 second, followed by a gradual decrease.Time histories of measured basal normal stresses at basal instrumentation cells (a) C1 (15 m), (b) C3 (39·2 m) and (c) C7 (117 m) along the 190 m long flume
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