Figure 4
Bar chart showing the distribution of disaster types studied in research.The chart presents the number of studies focused on different disasters. Earthquakes are most frequent with 47 studies, followed by terrorist attacks with 28 and industrial incidents with 12. Storms and tsunamis appear moderately with 7 and 6 respectively, while floods and collapsed buildings have 2 each. One study combines disaster analysis with Covid-19. The data highlights that research emphasis is strongest on earthquake and terrorism contexts compared with other disaster types.

Disasters represented in the literature

Source: Authors’ own creation

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