Figure 1
The diagram displays five separate square tiles representing composite material microstructures. Each tile contains a blue background region labeled “Matrix”, curved beige bands labeled “Fiber”, and circular light gray inclusions labeled “Filler”. “Unit‑1” appears in the top left and includes two semicircular, one curved, and one diagonal fiber path and two circular fillers. “Unit‑2” appears in the top center and shows two main diagonal and two semicircular fibers crossing the tile with two circular fillers near opposite corners. “Unit‑3” appears in the top right and contains large curved fiber arcs near the top-right and bottom edges, with two circular fillers on the left. “Unit‑4” appears at the bottom left and shows a central vertical fiber connected to two large curved fibers forming a U shape, with two circular fillers near the upper corners. “Unit‑5” appears at the bottom right and displays multiple intersecting curved fibers creating a network across the tile, with three circular fillers placed near the top left, center, and bottom right.Overview of all five 2D unit-cell geometries with distinct fiber paths and filler layouts, and corresponding finite-element meshes, showing element sizing (matrix: 0.0045 mm, fiber: 0.0015 mm)