Figure 2
The horizontal axis represents time in years, from 2013 to 2020, in increments of 1 year. The vertical axis represents the price of copper cash, ranging from 280 to 520 in increments of 40 units. The chart shows significant volatility and a distinct trend. The price starts around the 400 to 420 level in early 2013, then peaks near 500 before entering a prolonged decline until early 2016. During this decline, the price hit its lowest point near 300 in early 2016. A sharp rebound in late 2016 brings the price to 440, followed by a decline in mid-2017. From mid-2016 onward, the price enters a period of high volatility but generally remains within the 360 to 480 range, showing a modest long-term recovery and stability compared to the preceding decline. The price ends the series in mid-2020 around the 440 level, but with a sharp drop visible right at the end of the period shown.Price series of copper cash. Source: Authors’ calculation