Figure 10.
The horizontal axis gives w model from 0 to 2.0 millimetres. The vertical axis gives V model from 0 to 7 kilonewtons. C E L increases from about 0.1 kilonewtons at 0 millimetres to about 6.9 kilonewtons at 2.0 millimetres. 1 g jacked S N F underscore A 0 3 increases from about 0.1 to about 5.9 kilonewtons. Buried S N F underscore A 0 1 increases from about 0 to about 4.4 kilonewtons. Axisymmetric W i P increases rapidly to about 5.1 kilonewtons at 1.2 millimetres, then changes slightly and reaches about 5.4 kilonewtons at 2.0 millimetres. Axisymmetric mapped increases steadily from about 0 to about 6.0 kilonewtons at 2.0 millimetres. Between 1.2 and 2.0 millimetres, C E L gives the highest values, followed by axisymmetric mapped and 1 g jacked.Comparison of centrifuge test results of 1g-jacked (SNF-A03) and pre-installed buried piles (SNF-A01) at 50 g to the numerical predictions, employing the CEL analysis, modelling the 1g-jacking installation (dotted line) or conventional axisymmetric FE analyses assuming either wished-in-place pile (red line) or initialised stress–strain field after pile installation (green line), in terms of load–displacement response