Figure 3.
The framework diagram is enclosed within a large rounded rectangular boundary. At the top centre, a dashed rectangular box labelled Main Issue contains the text Climate Change on Construction Related S D Gs. Below this are six stacked rectangular strategy boxes aligned vertically on the left side, each connected by arrows toward a large rounded rectangular box in the centre right labelled Mitigating Climate Change on Construction Related S D Gs Projects. The first strategy box is titled Embrace green construction and includes encouraging a Nigerian green building certification system, government coordination of certification guidelines, and removal of bottlenecks in green market based commercialisation. The second box is titled Government role should be intentional and includes providing funding for local research institutions, developing climate change materials investment friendly policy, and establishing an institutional framework to integrate government agencies. The third box is titled Reduce energy consumption in operation and includes enhancing ventilation in design to reduce indoor temperature, embracing energy efficient buildings rather than conventional buildings, and developing strategies to reduce operational stage energy usage. The fourth box is titled Utilise sustainable construction materials and includes identifying carbon intensive construction materials before project start, embracing innovative replacement construction materials, and government provision of more sustainable transportation to reduce fossil fuel contributions such as train transportation. The fifth box is titled Recycling practices circular economy and includes using recycled materials to reduce infusion of new carbon emissions, recycling to support a circular economy system where waste material becomes raw material for new projects, and circular economy approaches to neutralise carbon and reduce emissions. The sixth box is titled Practice construction energy retrofitting and includes saving long term operating costs, promoting retrofitting in buildings through government regulations, and ensuring affordable funding for building retrofitting. Arrows from all six strategy boxes converge into the central mitigation box. A downward arrow from this central box points to a large rectangular box at the lower right titled Climate Change on Construction Related S D Gs Mitigated. This final box lists outcomes including carbon neutrality of construction related S D G projects, improvement in climate change related risk management, increased climate change awareness and management, enhanced infrastructure system resilience and sustainability, improved firm reputation regarding climate change compliance, general operational improvement leading to improved construction related S D G projects, and reduced maintenance costs with enhanced value for money.Developed framework to mitigate climate change on construction-related SDGs projects (Addresses Obj. 2)
Source: Authors’ work