Figure 4
A horizontal dot plot representing the frequency of sources in different themes over the years from 2005 to 2022. The horizontal axis represents the years, ranging from 2005 to 2022. The vertical axis lists the themes: DPBM design, Business model innovation to DPBM, DPBM artefacts, DPBM life cycle, Success and failure factors of DPBM, DPBM outcomes, DPBM external stakeholders, DPBM antecedents, Competition, DPBM diversification, and Other themes. Each dot represents the number of sources in a particular theme for a given year. Multiple dots stacked together indicate the count of sources. Notable patterns include a significant increase in sources for the Success and failure factors of DPBM theme, peaking in 2021 with 19 sources. The DPBM design and DPBM artefacts themes also show a notable increase over the years, with peaks in 2021 and 2022. Other themes have relatively fewer sources and show sporadic distribution over the years.Sources in each theme over the years. Note: Some sources may be classified in more than one theme