Figure 1
The flowchart is divided into three stages: Initial stage, Intermediate stage, and Advanced stage. Each stage shows the relationships among conceptions of learning, motivation, self-regulation, and information processing. In the Initial stage, conceptions of learning strongly guide motivation and processing. Arrows labeled H1, H2, and H3 indicate the direction of influence from conceptions of learning to motivation, from motivation to self-regulation, and from self-regulation to information processing, respectively. There is also an indirect effect from conceptions of learning to information processing via motivation and self-regulation. In the Intermediate stage, motivation increasingly activates self-regulatory processes, with similar arrows and indirect effects as in the Initial stage. In the Advanced stage, self-regulation becomes the main driver of deep processing, maintaining the same arrow directions and indirect effects.Hypothesized conceptual model of the study. Source: Own elaboration is based on the results from R studio software