Figure 1
A conceptual framework diagram illustrating the backbone of Circular Intellectual Capital and its relationship with various benchmarks and transitions. The diagram features a central box labeled Circular Intellectual Capital as Conceptual Backbone, connected to three smaller boxes labeled Human Capital, Relational Capital, and Structural Capital. Surrounding this central structure are five larger circles, each representing different benchmarks and transitions. The top circle is labeled Operational Benchmark and includes insetting-like value-chain decarbonization initiatives. To the right, the Governance Maturity Benchmark circle highlights double materiality. Below, the Measurement Maturity Benchmark circle focuses on avoided emissions or Scope 4 emissions. To the left, the Regenerative and Circular Transition circle discusses broader final implications supported by governance, measurement, boundaries, and verification.Conceptual framework of CIC as a backbone for operational, interpretive, governance and measurement benchmarks achieving credibility, disclosure readiness and regenerative transition. Source: Authors’ own creation