Figure 5
A sociotechnical causal path model diagram featuring three main components: Technological Antecedents, Regulatory and Ethical Factors, and Methodological and Human Factors. Technological Antecedents include UAVs, AI/Computer Vision, Sensing/Photogrammetry, and BIM/3D Data Integration. Regulatory and Ethical Factors cover Flight zone and laws, Data privacy, Public perception, Standards and Certification. Methodological and Human Factors address Pilot competency, Data interpretation, Empirical validation, and Lifecycle-informed inspection protocols. The diagram illustrates the flow from Technological Antecedents to Regulatory and Ethical Factors, bridging a knowledge gap to Methodological and Human Factors, which then transforms into safety performance. The outcomes include Hazard detection, Real-time site monitoring, Risk mapping, Safety training, Regulatory compliance, and Building condition assessment and predictive diagnostics. A sociotechnical causal path model