Figure 2
Three 3D graphs illustrating relationships between laser parameters and material toughness, along with a scatter plot showing tensile strength against elongation.The image features three distinct graphical representations. The first two are three-dimensional surface plots (a and b) that depict relationships among scanning pattern angle, scanning speed, and annealing temperature, represented by a colour gradient indicating toughness in megapascals (MPa). Each graph includes three labeled zones (I, II, III) outlined in ellipses. The colour scale on the right side indicates toughness values ranging from 215 to 343 MPa. The third graph (c) is a scatter plot showing the correlation between tensile strength (in MPa) and elongation percentage. It uses different markers to represent various materials: solid squares for LB-PBF as built, triangles for LB-PBF with heat treatment, filled circles for current work, and open circles for wrought materials. The x-axis spans from zero to one hundred percent for elongation, while the y-axis ranges from two hundred to one thousand MPa for tensile strength, displaying a mix of data points with varying clustering and distribution patterns.

The overall view of (a) the LB-PBF scanning parameters and (b) the overall toughness of the LB-PBF 316L SS and (c) the comparison of the uniform elongation and yield strength for various processed 316L SS from Liverani et al. (2017), Sun et al. (2018), Niendorf et al. (2013), Yadollahi et al. (2015), Chao et al. (2021), Zeng et al. (2021), Zhang et al. (2020), Carlton et al. (2016), Mertens et al. (2014), Agrawal et al. (2021), Hong et al. (2019) and the results obtained in the current work

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