Figure 2.
The panel a columns correspond to 1, 5, 10, 11, and 50 microseconds during a voltage pulse. The upper row maps the magnitude of J c in amperes per square metre around a circular cell. J c remains low at 1 microsecond, increases near the cell at 5 microseconds, reaches its strongest concentration around the cell at 10 and 11 microseconds, and remains concentrated at 50 microseconds. The middle row maps the magnitude of J d in amperes per square metre. J d concentrates near the cell at 1 and 5 microseconds, decreases at 10 microseconds, and approaches the lowest mapped values at 11 and 50 microseconds. The lower row plots time from 0 to 100 microseconds. The pulse rises from 0 to its plateau by 10 microseconds, remains constant until 90 microseconds, and returns to 0 by 100 microseconds. Markers identify 1 microsecond near the baseline, 5 microseconds during the rise, 10 and 11 microseconds near the start of the plateau, and 50 microseconds at the plateau midpoint. Panel b repeats the five times for an enlarged membrane region centred near 10 micrometres. The J c maps increase from 1 to 10 microseconds, then decrease at 11 and 50 microseconds. The J d maps contain a narrow membrane band at 1 and 5 microseconds, a weaker band at 10 microseconds, and minimal values at 11 and 50 microseconds.Evaluation of the conduction current (upper line), |Jc|, and displacement current density (middle line), |Jd|, at 1, 5, 10, 11 and 50 µs in (a) the entire domain and (b) on the membrane (the rectangular strip is the membrane)
Source: Authors’ own work