Figure 5.
The panels a and b map electric field from 0 to 260 volts per centimetre. Panel a contains a low field region around and above the nanoparticle, with a local minimum near the curved boundary and increasing values farther away. Panel b contains a broad low field region between the nanoparticle and boundary, with increasing values towards the outer region. Panels c and d map electric field from 0 to 180 volts per centimetre. Panel c contains reduced values around the nanoparticle sides and higher values farther away. Panel d contains higher values around the nanoparticle and a gradual decrease towards the boundary. Panel e plots electric field against a sampling line from 0 to 0.3 micrometres at 0.5 and 55 microseconds. At 0.5 microseconds, the cell interior remains near 840 volts per centimetre, the cell exterior increases from about 90 to 580 volts per centimetre, and the nanoparticle core remains near 0 volts per centimetre. At 55 microseconds, the corresponding values measure about 110 volts per centimetre, increase from about 20 to 420 volts per centimetre, and remain near 0 volts per centimetre. Panel f plots the same regions at 5 and 55 microseconds. At 5 microseconds, the cell interior remains near 390 volts per centimetre, the cell exterior increases from about 40 to 380 volts per centimetre, and the nanoparticle core remains near 0 volts per centimetre. At 55 microseconds, the corresponding values measure about 110 volts per centimetre, increase from about 20 to 430 volts per centimetre, and remain near 0 volts per centimetre. Panel g plots the regions at 0.5 and 55 microseconds. At 0.5 microseconds, the cell interior remains near 800 volts per centimetre, the cell exterior decreases from about 80 to 0 volts per centimetre, and the nanoparticle core increases slightly from about 105 to 115 volts per centimetre. At 55 microseconds, the corresponding values measure about 110 volts per centimetre, decrease from about 20 to 0 volts per centimetre, and increase from about 20 to 65 volts per centimetre. Panel h plots the regions at 5 and 55 microseconds. At 5 microseconds, the cell interior remains near 390 volts per centimetre, the cell exterior decreases from about 40 to 0 volts per centimetre, and the nanoparticle core increases from about 50 to 65 volts per centimetre. At 55 microseconds, the corresponding values measure about 110 volts per centimetre, decrease from about 20 to 0 volts per centimetre, and increase from about 20 to 55 volts per centimetre.Electric field strength for (a)–(c) gold and (b)–(d) dielectric nanoparticle vertically-oriented in position P0 at (a) and (b) 55 µs and at (c) and (d) tr/2 considering a pulse with a rise time of 1 μs. Electric field along Lc for (e) and (f) gold and (g) and (h) dielectric nanoparticle for a pulse rise time of (e)–(g) 1 μs and (f)–(h) 10 μs
Source: Authors’ own work