Figure 2
The line graph illustrates the relationship between challenge stressors at T1 and bullying behaviors at T2, with hindrance stressors at T1 acting as a moderator. The x-axis represents challenge stressors, ranging from -2 standard deviations to +2 standard deviations. The y-axis represents bullying behaviors, ranging from 1.0 to 1.6. Three lines are plotted: one for +1 standard deviation of hindrance stressors, one for the mean level of hindrance stressors, and one for -1 standard deviation of hindrance stressors. Each line shows how bullying behaviors change with varying levels of challenge stressors. The line for +1 standard deviation of hindrance stressors shows an increase in bullying behaviors as challenge stressors increase. The line for the mean level of hindrance stressors shows a slight increase in bullying behaviors with increasing challenge stressors. Error bars are included to indicate the variability of the data points. All values are approximated.Linear moderation by hindrance stressors of a quadratic effect of challenge stressors at T1 on bullying behaviours at T2. Note. Huber–White robust standard errors. Covariates: sex, age, managerial position. Source: Author’s own work