Figure 10
A diagram of the integration of IoT and big data analytics with ERP systems to enable sustainability. The diagram is divided into three main sections: Physical World/Circular Enterprise, Data Capture and Movement, and ERP System & Digital Decision Making. In the Physical World/Circular Enterprise section, data on product condition and location is collected via IoT sensors embedded in objects such as finished products, smart containers, and waste bins. This data is then transmitted to the Data Capture and Movement section, where it is aggregated and analyzed using a big data analytics system. The big data analytics system disaggregates complex value chain data to provide actionable insights, resource intensity, and waste hotspots. These insights are then fed back into the ERP system for digital decision-making. The ERP system remotely manages performance and triggers reverse logistics activities for end-of-life items, closing the loop on sustainability.Smart enablers of ERP and digitalization for sustainability: IoT and big data analytics