Figure 1.
The conceptual framework links employee–robot relationships, including collaborative, competitive, supplementary, and complementary types, to job insecurity, job satisfaction, employee engagement, and employee retention. Employee–robot relationships connect directly to job insecurity, job satisfaction, employee engagement, and employee retention through H 1, H 2, and H 3. Job insecurity connects to job satisfaction, employee engagement, and employee retention through H 4 and H 5. Job satisfaction and employee engagement also connect to employee retention.Conceptual framework
Source: Developed by authors