Figure 4.
Panels a to c compare monthly discharge from January to December at Luang Prabang, Pakse, and Tan Chau. The vertical axis ranges from 0 to 40,000 cubic metres per second. Each panel includes observed data for 2000, 2008, 2015, 2019, 2021, 2024, and a dashed line for 2000 to 2008. Panel a shows low discharge from January to May, followed by a sharp rise from June and a pronounced peak in September before declining towards December. Panel b shows a gradual increase from May, with discharge generally peaking during July to September before decreasing through the remaining months. Panel c shows declining discharge from January to April, increasing from May to a broad peak during September and October, and then decreasing towards December.Relationship between discharge and special weather events (ENSO) at selected Mekong monitoring stations shown in the figure; Table 4 provides the corresponding ENSO-year comparison for Luang Prabang, Pakse, Kratie and Tan Chau