Figure 6
Exemplar studies are grouped with first order codes that contribute to functional value creation or functional value destruction, which together form phygital functional value outcomes. Functional value creation consists of informational support, efficiency and productivity, ease of use, and co production. Informational support is supported by Mieli 2024 and Gao et al. 2025. Efficiency and productivity are supported by Suwarsi et al. 2025, Akbari et al. 2025, and Manole et al. 2025. Ease of use is supported by Klaus 2025, Wu et al. 2023, and Guzzett et al. 2024. Co production is supported by Blaurock et al. 2024. Functional value destruction consists of difficult to use, waste of time, lack of control, and lack of infrastructure. Difficult to use is supported by Guzzetti et al. 2024. Waste of time is supported by Harunayamwe and Kanengoni 2023, and Batat 2023. Lack of control is supported by Farivar et al. 2024. Lack of infrastructure is supported by Axtell et al. 2025, Nevi et al. 2025, and Teng Calleja et al. 2023. Both functional value creation and functional value destruction contribute to phygital functional value outcomes.Functional value outcomes