Figure 2
The diagram illustrates a conceptual framework with various interconnected components. Workplace ostracism negatively impacts organization-based self-esteem and thriving at work. Job seniority positively influences organization-based self-esteem. Organization-based self-esteem positively affects extra-role behaviors, which in turn influence creative and proactive behaviors. Thriving at work is composed of learning and vitality and is negatively impacted by workplace ostracism. The diagram includes path coefficients and p-values indicating the strength and significance of these relationships.The final “two-step approach” conceptual framework with path coefficients and p-values. Source: Authors' own work. Values generated through SmartPLS 4.0 Ringle et al. (2024)