Figure 2.
The structural equation model contains the latent variables OutcomeExpc and Engagement and the observed variable Mathachievementl. OutcomeExpc is measured by K N R O U T, G R O U T and J R O U T with loadings of 0.96, 0.66 and 0.79, respectively. The corresponding squared multiple correlations are 0.96, 0.44 and 0.62. Engagement is measured by E N A F, E N B E, E N C D and E N C M with loadings of 0.69, 0.87, 0.64 and 0.78, respectively. The corresponding squared multiple correlations are 0.48, 0.75, 0.41 and 0.61. Error terms e 1 through e 7 connect to their respective observed variables. Curved paths connect OutcomeExpc to Engagement with a coefficient of 0.18, Engagement to Mathachievementl with a coefficient of 0.50, and Mathachievementl to OutcomeExpc with a coefficient of 0.55.The measurement model on the effect of outcome expectation on engagement and achievement
Note(s):N = 351; JROUT = job-related outcome expectation, GROUT = goal-related outcome expectation, KNROUT = knowledge-related outcome expectation, ENCM = cognitive memorization, ENCD = cognitive retention, ENBE = behavioral engagement, ENAF = affective engagement, Mathachievementl = mathematics achievement, Engagement_ = engagement, OutcomeExpc_ = outcome expectation
Source: Authors’ own work