Figure 3.
The structural equation model contains the latent variables Outcome Exp c and Engagement and the observed variable Math achievement l. Outcome Exp c is measured by K N R O U T, G R O U T and J R O U T with loadings of 0.85, 0.66 and 0.79, respectively. The corresponding squared multiple correlations are 0.78, 0.44 and 0.62. Engagement is measured by E N A F, E N B E, E N C D and E N C M with loadings of 0.70, 0.85, 0.85 and 0.80, respectively. The corresponding squared multiple correlations are 0.49, 0.72, 0.42 and 0.63. Error terms e 1 through e 9 connect to their respective variables. Outcome Exp c has a path coefficient of 0.24 to Engagement and 0.57 to Math achievement l. Engagement has a path coefficient of 0.06. Math achievement l has a squared multiple correlation of 0.33.The structural model on the effect of students’ mathematics outcome expectation on their engagement and achievement
Note(s):n = 351
Source: Authors’ own work