Figure 8
The visual consists of three panels labeled “(a)”, “(b)”, and “(c)” arranged in two rows, with two graphs on the top row and one centered below. Each panel shows a horizontal axis labeled “Temperature [degrees Celsius]” ranging from 0 to 200 with an interval of 40, and each panel includes its own legend listing “Glass”, “E V A”, “Solar cells”, and “PET”. In panel “(a)”, the vertical axis is labeled “Modulus of elasticity [gigapascals]” on a logarithmic scale from 10 to the negative 4 power to 10 to the 3 power with the multiples of 10. The legend appears in the lower right. The “Glass” line remains nearly constant around approximately 8 times 10 to the 1 power across the full temperature range. The “Solar cells” line stays flat near approximately 2 times 10 to the 2 power. The “E V A” values, shown with triangular markers, decrease sharply from about 3 times 10 to the negative 2 power near 0 degrees Celsius to about 2 times 10 to the negative 4 power near 87 to 90 degrees Celsius. The “PET” line decreases smoothly from around 3 times 10 to the 0 power at low temperature to below 3 times 10 to the negative 2 power near 160 degrees Celsius. In panel “(b)”, the vertical axis is labeled “Thermal conductivity [watt meter to the negative 1 power degrees Celsius to the negative 1 power]” on a logarithmic scale from 10 to the negative 1 power to 10 to the 3 power with multiples of 10. The legend is positioned in the upper left. The “Glass” line increases very slowly across the full range between 10 to the 0 power and 2 times 10 to the 0 power. The “Solar cells” line decreases gradually from about 2 times 10 to the 2 power at low temperature to around 9 times 10 to the 1 power at 200 degrees Celsius. The “E V A” values, shown with triangular markers, decrease from about 3 times 10 to the negative 1 power near 0 degrees Celsius to around 2.5 times 10 to the negative 1 power near 80 degrees Celsius and then vertically drop on the horizontal axis. The “PET” line forms a curved pattern, decreasing from about 2.7 times 10 to the negative 1 power to around 1.8 times 10 to the negative 1 power near 100 degrees Celsius, then increasing to about 3 times 10 to the negative 1 power near 160 degrees Celsius, followed by a slight decrease. In panel “(c)”, the vertical axis is labeled “Specific heat capacity [Joules kilogram to the negative 1 power degrees Celsius to the negative 1 power]” on a logarithmic scale from 10 to the 3 power to 10 to the 4 power with multiples of 10. The legend appears in the upper left. The “Glass” line increases gradually from about 7 times 10 to the 2 power near 0 degrees Celsius to around 9.5 times 10 to the 2 power near 200 degrees Celsius. The “Solar cells” line increases slightly from about 6.5 times 10 to the 2 power to around 8.5 times 10 to the 2 power. The “E V A” values increase from about 2 times 10 to the 3 power near 0 degrees Celsius to around 2.4 times 10 to the 3 power near 80 degrees, then drop to around 10 to the 3 power near 87 degrees Celsius. The “PET” line increases from about 10 to the 3 power at 16 degrees Celsius, then shows a sharp peak reaching approximately 7 times 10 to the 3 power near 165 degrees Celsius, followed by a rapid drop to around 2.6 times 10 to the 3 power and a slight increase toward higher temperatures. Note: All numerical data values are approximated.Input material properties for the present numerical investigation in ABAQUS, as a function of temperature: (a) modulus of elasticity, (b) thermal conductivity and (c) specific heat capacity. Source: Authors’ own work