Figure 4
The diagram illustrates a district heating network topology with three circuits branching from a central thermal generation source. Circuit 1 includes nodes labeled B1 through B7, Circuit 2 includes nodes labeled B8 through B11, and Circuit 3 includes nodes labeled B12 through B20. Each circuit is a linear sequence of nodes connected by lines, indicating the flow of heat from the thermal generation source to the end nodes. Additionally, a PV generation source connects to node B20, indicating an integration of photovoltaic generation into the network.District heating network topology