Figure 2
The diagram depicts the temporal evolution of an AI-enhanced intelligent tutoring system across multiple cohorts, highlighting the continual learning cycle within a representative cohort. The top section shows three cohorts labeled as Cohort 1, Cohort 2, and Cohort 3, each representing different terms or years. Arrows indicate the flow of continual learning updates between cohorts, labeled as Replay and EWC. The middle section zooms in on the detailed interaction and learning cycle within Cohort 2. This section includes four main components: Student Interactions, Identified Misconceptions, Instructor Feedback, and Model Update. Student Interactions involve questions, responses, and practice attempts. Identified Misconceptions are detected by the system through patterns and knowledge gaps. Instructor Feedback includes corrections, explanations, and teaching strategies. These outcomes are represented with icons and brief descriptions.Temporal evolution of the AI-enhanced intelligent tutoring system across cohorts, with a detailed view of the continual learning cycle within a representative cohort