Figure 2
The flowchart begins with an extensive review of existing literature. It then branches into two main processes: quantitative data collection and qualitative data collection. The quantitative data collection process starts with the instrument, which is a questionnaire with 27 items on a 5-point Likert scale. Data preparation involves content validity checked by 2 researchers and 5 estate surveyors and valuers. The sampling process includes property managers, with 190 responses received out of 857, and homeowners, with 235 responses received from management records of nine estate surveying and valuation firms. The data collected from property managers and homeowners undergoes a reliability test using Cronbach Alpha. This is followed by descriptive statistical analysis of data, exploratory factor analysis using SPSS Software, and network analysis. The results are then integrated, leading to implications and conclusions.The research framework