Figure 1.
The flow diagram presents a single case titled Passionfruit Commercialization Project, followed by University Environmental Management System, inside a rounded rectangle at the top. A downward arrow connects this box to Unit 1, Upstream, Production, titled Environmental Production System. Unit 1 lists Fertigation Systems, I o T Data and Monitoring, and Land Stewardship. A downward arrow extends from Unit 1 to the text 1, Resource Flow, Waste as Input, followed by Transfer of Grade B slash C Fruit and Operational Data, and continues to Unit 2, Downstream, Valorisation, titled Curriculum slash Entrepreneurship Unit. Unit 2 lists the inputs Grade B slash C Fruit, Biomass, Market Data, and Student Consultancy Teams. A horizontal line extends from Unit 2 to the right and joins a vertical arrow leading upward to 2, Data Feedback Loop, Crop Planning. The Data Feedback Loop box contains the text Market signals influencing future planting decisions. A second vertical arrow extends upward from the Data Feedback Loop box to the top Passionfruit Commercialization Project box, completing the feedback cycle. All connections are represented by single-headed arrows indicating the flow from the single case to Unit 1, from Unit 1 through the resource flow to Unit 2, from Unit 2 to the data feedback loop, and from the data feedback loop back to the single case.Embedded case study design showing the resource flow from the upstream agroforestry production system to the downstream curriculum-based valorisation unit and the market-data feedback loop informing subsequent crop planning
Source(s): Authors’ own elaboration