Figure 11.
The image presents a three dimensional graph illustrating the relationship between q, swelling pressure in megapascals, on the vertical axis, p prime, effective pressure in megapascals, on the horizontal axis, and s, saturation in megapascals, extending horizontally. The L C curve is marked in red, showing the transition of material behaviour. The graph includes distinct curves labelled with symbols and annotations indicating hardening, saturation, and key points such as p 0 star, M p 0 star, and B T star. A dotted line is shown for reference, and on the right side, a cylindrical apparatus is depicted with labelled dimensions, indicating a targeted swelling pressure of 8.8 megapascals, along with arrows showing water flow direction.Loading and collapse (LC) curve and -- path based on calibrated parameters