Figure 6
A horizontal bar graph compares the deviation from the base net present value (NPV) in millions of dollars due to variations in different parameters. The graph includes five horizontal bars, each representing a different parameter: Discount Rate, Replacement Cycle, Operating Costs, Initial Cost, and Benefit Rates. Each parameter has two bars, one in red indicating a -20% parameter variation and one in green indicating a +20% parameter variation. The horizontal axis represents the deviation from the base NPV in millions of dollars, ranging from -1500 to 1500. The vertical axis lists the parameters. The Discount Rate shows a deviation of -150 million dollars for -20% and +1900 million dollars for +20%. The Replacement Cycle shows a deviation of -1360 million dollars for -20% and +1860 million dollars for +20%. The Operating Costs show a deviation of -1120 million dollars for -20% and +2210 million dollars for +20%.Sensitivity analysis tornado diagram (technology type = active IoT, trade multiplier = 1.0 on scenario S5 as a base case). Parameters ordered by increasing impact magnitude. Source: Authors