Figure 8
A thematic map demonstrates the evolution of keywords related to smart ports over three time periods: 2016-2022, 2023-2024, and 2025-2026. The map is divided into three vertical sections, each representing a different time period. The left section covers 2016-2022, the middle section covers 2023-2024, and the right section covers 2025-2026. Keywords are represented as colored bands that flow from one section to another, indicating their evolution over time. Keywords include sustainability, system, efficiency, design, performance, and impact. In the 2016-2022 section, sustainability is a prominent keyword. In the 2023-2024 section, keywords such as sustainability, energy, and performance are highlighted. In the 2025-2026 section, keywords like model, performance, energy, technologies, sustainability, challenges, reduction, system, health, and green are shown. The flow of these keywords indicates how their importance and relevance change over time.The thematic map demonstrate the evolution of keywords of smart port over three-time slices (2016–2026)